From Wired's Nuclear History Gallery.
Above:
Operation Upshot-Knothole, conducted at the Nevada Proving Ground
between March 17 and June 4, 1953, consisted of 11 atmospheric tests:
three airdrops, seven tower tests and one airburst. Upshot-Knothole
involved the testing of new theories, using both fission and fusion
devices.
House No. 1, located 3,500 feet from ground zero, was completely destroyed on the first day of testing. The elapsed time from the first picture to the last was 2⅔ seconds. The camera was completely enclosed in a 2-inch lead sheath as a protection against radiation. The only source of light was that from the detonation. Frame No. 1 (upper left) shows the house lighted by the blast. Frame No. 2 (upper right) shows the house on fire.
Courtesy National Nuclear Security Administration/Nevada Site Office

Interesting, since nuclear explosions are 'little suns', I bet the exposure was f/16 at 1 over the ISO :).
Looks like IR photography to me!
" Honey, I was thinking of painting the hou.........."